Do They Respect Your Bodily Autonomy?

 Co-written with: C.J. Fitzpatrick

The issue of bodily autonomy is hardly a new one. “My body, my choice” – a slogan for female bodily autonomy was first coined in 1969, but the struggle clearly predates the so-called ‘second wave’ feminist movement started largely by Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique.

Even so, a United Nations Population Fund report published in 2021 found that roughly half of all women are denied bodily autonomy, unable to make decisions regarding sex with their partner, contraception, and seeking health care.

This has been thrown into even sharper relief lately as debates concerning overturning the 1973 Roe vs. Wade Supreme Court decision rage on in the United States...

Let’s make it clear, though, that bodily autonomy is not purely an issue of those that identify as women. It’s an issue that concerns all genders – male, female, and nonbinary; not only cis-gendered people, but trans people as well.

Bodily autonomy is one of those things that you really don’t think all that much about...until it’s violated.

The first thing that comes to mind when you read the previous sentence is probably rape which is, of course, the most clear and obvious form of violated bodily autonomy. But there are many many ways in which one’s bodily autonomy can be violated that, while perhaps less severe, are no less insidious.

For example, there was recently a post on the ‘Am I the Asshole’ Reddit board in which a woman described an issue she had with her partner telling her not to use tampons because they made him uncomfortable... He even went so far as to throw out a box of her tampons when he found them. This is a clear example of someone not being allowed to exercise their bodily autonomy.

In a relationship – any relationship, not just a romantic relationship – both partners should respect their own and each other’s bodily autonomy. It’s impossible to be equals if one partner looks upon the other as something they have control over.

In the 1800’s and earlier, it was simply a fact of life that a woman was a man’s property, but the simple fact of the matter is that, through today’s lens, it’s abuse to try to control another’s body and the choices they make about it.

Psychologist Willard Harley Jr., in his practice, has identified ten needs that, when fulfilled, will ‘affair proof’ a marriage. One of the needs he asserts that – as a general rule – men have is an attractive spouse. While I admire much of what Harley has to say, I feel his advice in this chapter is antiquated. He says, “If he doesn’t like a certain hairstyle and colour, abandon it. In fact, consult with him ahead of time and get his opinion before ever getting a different style or colouring.”

Would you put up with a friend that felt the need to tell you what you could and couldn’t do with your appearance? Unlikely. It should, therefore, be just as egregious when a partner tries to do the same.

We expect a partner to respect our wants and needs. This should extend to choices we make about our body as well. That’s really what it boils down to: respect. Does your partner truly respect you as an individual if they feel the need to monitor your social media or your diet or your doctor’s visits?

Marriage vows often include phrasing along the lines of ‘becoming one’. But at the end of the day, you’re still two separate people with separate wants and needs and it’s important that both of you remember that, even when they get an ugly haircut or a new tattoo.

Bodily Autonomy Worksheet

 General:

  1. Are they ‘pro-life’ or ‘pro-choice’?

  2. Do they respect when you say ‘no’?

  3. Do you need to ask their permission a lot?

  4. Is your opinion treated as valid?

  5. Is there behaviour they consider ‘unladylike’ or not ‘manly’?

  6. Do they describe women as ‘broads’ or chicks’? Do they use vulgar slang for genitalia?

  7. Do they have negative opinions of LGBTQ+ people?

  8. During disagreements, who makes most of the concessions?


Health and Appearance:

  1. Do they tell you how to dress?

  2. Is there pressure to wear make up (or not wear make up)?

  3. Do they require you to ask permission before changing your appearance (i.e. colouring your hair)?

  4. Do they demand you look a certain way in public?

  5. Do they demand you look a certain way when they come home?

  6. Are health decisions made for you?

  7. Do they pressure you into using therapies or medications based on their diagnosis of you?

  8. Do they tell you what products you can or cannot use on or in your body?

  9. Do they try to control what/how much you eat?

  10. Do they try to control your exercise habits?


Social Media:

  1. Do they monitor your social media?

  2. Do they tell you who you can and can’t follow on social media?

  3. Do they restrict use of certain apps?

  4. Do they go through your phone without your permission?

  5. Do they go on your social media accounts without permission?

  6. Do they demand to know your passwords?

  7. Do they control what you post?


Menstruation:

  1. Do they understand how menstruation works?

  2. Do they view menstruation as weakness? Do they use rude words for menstruation?

  3. Do they try to control what kind of menstrual products you use?

  4. Do they treat you as dirty or unclean when you’re menstruating?

  5. Do they reject your thoughts and opinions as being due to hormones during your period?


Sex and Sexuality:

  1. Have you been pressured to send photos that make you uncomfortable?

  2. Do you feel forced into sex or specific sex acts?

  3. Do they believe sex workers can be raped?

  4. Do they believe one spouse can be raped by the other?

  5. Do they believe a woman can/should ‘forbid’ a man’s sexual release’?

  6. Do they believe someone can say ‘no’ to sex at any point in the act?

  7. Do they try to get out of wearing a condom or using birth control?

  8. Have they ever tampered with your birth control (i.e. poking holes in the condom, throwing out your pills)?

  9. Do they try to control what type of birth control you use?

  10. Have they recorded you having sex without your consent?

  11. Have they ever threatened ‘revenge porn’?


Pregnancy and Birth:

  1. Do they have a plan in mind about what will happen if a pregnancy occurs without having included you in the plan?

  2. Does the non-birthing person want too big a say in the birth plan?

  3. Who gets the final say in the birth plan?

  4. Is breastfeeding being forced or forbidden?

What Type of Love Do You Have for Your Partner?

“We loved with a love that was more than love.” Edgar Allan Poe

It doesn’t take the ancient Greeks to know there are different kinds of love. I love my high heels, but that love is very different from the love I feel for my children. In their wisdom, the ancient Greeks divided the ways we love others into eight types, but sadly no category for how I feel about shoes!

In researching the types, it became clear to me that most people don’t recognize the differences in the way we feel love and think that if they feel any sort of love for another person, it is enough to base a commitment on. The Inuit have more than one word for snow (some say it is more than fifty) because in the earliest days their very survival depended on knowing how the weather would effect travel and hunting. Not understanding the variations of love will not kill you, but could certainly lead to heartbreak.

The types are:

Agape – Unconditional love

Eros – Sexual attraction
Ludus – Playful and flirtatious love
Mania – Obsessive love (Not healthy)
Philautia – Self love
Philia – Deep friendship
Pragma – Enduring love
Storge – Familial love

I believe the most important of these if you hope to make a relationship work is Philautia or self love. I see too many people entering relationships for the wrong reasons; to fill a void, to avoid life, to make up for the love we don’t feel for ourselves: If someone loves me I must have value. We don’t need anyone to complete us, as romantic as that seems. We need to be whole, emotionally healthy, and loving who we are, exactly as we are.

The first types of love you are likely to experience when you meet a potential mate is Eros and Ludus. You see a hot girl across the bar and you give her the look. She smiles and waves. You send her a drink. All the flirting you do to gauge a person’s interest. If the chemistry is right, you move onto Eros or passion and sex. At this point it’s fun, it feels good, life is sweet...you’re in love. But what love? Not the enduring kind. Sadly, too many people make a decision to marry at this point.

The problem with Eros and Ludus is they tend to burn out after a while. Ludus is so much fun because the part of the brain that lights up when we are in the throes of this is the same as someone high on drugs. Eros is a self-serving, egocentric based love that focuses on our wants and needs. Passion fades. It is no longer fun to flirt with someone you live with. A few years down the road you have a kid, you are in debt, she has put on weight, and he doesn’t help with the housework. Because this was all based on superficial love, you find there is no foundation for you to stay together.

To make a relationship long-lasting, you need to move the passion you initially feel to a higher form of love. Pragma is mature love that develops over time. It is the result of not only choosing wisely, but of working through issues with a commitment to staying together as a couple. Philia is described by some as brotherly love, without romantic or physical attraction. I don’t hold the belief that a healthy relationship can’t have this sort of love. We hear of cases of people who were friends since childhood that suddenly realize they want to marry. Arranged marriages have a low rate of divorce and these don’t necessarily start with passionate love.

A case could even be made for Storge as being a form of love that is enduring and healthy within a relationship. Sexual attraction is not important to some people and is becoming more acceptable to acknowledge. If the parties are both asexual or one person is and the other is accepting of this, the love might very well be one of familial love. This could also be what people within an arranged marriage experience.

To reach these higher forms of love, you need to put in effort to get to know the other person, their hopes and dreams, but more importantly their flaws and dark side. Would we want them as a friend? Do they care about who we really are and help us be the best version of ourselves? This takes time, awareness, and asking hard questions.

The love you have today, might not be the love you feel tomorrow. Love changes over time. Life happens, stressors occur, and our bodies change as we age. The passion may have burned off, but if it is an important relationship we will have done the work to have a foundation that we can build on to reach a higher love.

Is Agape possible in a romantic relationship? Doubtful. Unconditional love, I believe, is rare outside of perhaps a parent and child relationship. Would I continue a relationship with a partner that hit me or cheated on me? No. We need boundaries and it is healthy to have them.

Are Critiques Given Lovingly?

 "Criticism, like rain, should be gentle enough to nourish a man's growth without destroying his roots." Frank A. Clark

Over the long haul, it is hard to maintain the sweet demeanour we use when we are still in the blush of new love. It is only in romantic movies where the beloved is perfect (never belches, leaves underwear on the floor, or forgets to pay the electric bill). Once you are an old married couple, how will criticism be handled?

There are days in every relationship where we want to shout at our partner, “What the hell is wrong with you?” It may be hard to imagine while you are madly in love, but I will let you in on a secret, there will come a time when things you might think are cute now are going to drive you crazy.

Within every healthy relationship – friends, co-worker, partner – we need to find a way to get along. A friend or co-worker may be easy to avoid when you have disagreements, but someone you share a bed with, not so much. Unless you like sleeping on the couch, you need to hone good skills in the area of dealing with complaints lovingly.

John Gottman differentiates complaints and criticism: complaints focus on the action or lack there of (i.e. ‘Today was garbage day’), while criticism indicates the person is wrong (i.e. ‘Are you so stupid you can’t remember Thursday is garbage day?’). Criticism is one of the four horsemen, Gottman extols, as a communication style that can predict the end of a relationship. One of the deadliest acts we can perpetrate on our partnership. Criticism says you are bad, complaints attack the problem and say something you did is wrong.

We are primed for self-preservation. Some of us are, of course, very good at putting others first; Mother Teresa, for example. But most of us are not quite so selfless. Dr. Stan Tatkin takes this further and states, “The brain’s wired first and foremost for war rather than love. Its primary function is to ensure we survive as individuals...” So, it seems, if we were not allowed to ever express a discouraging word to our spouse, we would probably explode. You are going to fight and you are going to get mad at each other, that is normal. Character assassination, however, is never appropriate, but especially not towards those we love. A couple should be together to help each other grow, to become better people. Leave the character assassination for the smear campaigns of politics.

Attacking each other in a relationship never makes for a better marriage. Do you want someone you truly love to feel bad about themselves? Wounding someone, especially if it is on purpose, is sadistic. My dad always told me a wounded animal is a very dangerous animal. They will strike out either to defend themselves or in response to their pain. Your spouse, if you are wounding them emotionally, may lash out as well. An eye for an eye only makes the whole world blind.

How will you know while love is still new if this is something you are likely to face? How do disagreements feel? Are there low blows or criticism disguised as a joke? Look to family members and how they handle conflict. Character assassination may have been the only form of correction the person has been subjected to since birth.

I was once told that we need to speak so someone will listen. Too often people use volume to make that happen. We need to remember our words have power. Some of our deepest wounds come from words. Before speaking, think if you would want those words directed at you. If I were to say to an overweight friend, “You’re fat and never get off the couch”, they would be hurt and probably not want to be my friend. This approach is almost a guarantee I will not get the response I am hoping for. If I were to say, “I am worried about your health, want to come running with me?” I would get a much better response.

A healthy marriage should never have a ‘you vs. me’ mentality. An army would not win a war if every soldier worried only about himself. If you as a couple stand back to back, you will be able to see any trouble coming. If you can see this horseman before you even wed it is time to take action, to grab the reins, and turn this beast around immediately.

Are You the Flower or the Gardener in Your Relationship?

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